The Importance of Lockout/Tagout in Construction

Lockout/tagout (LOTO) is a critical safety practice in the construction industry. It involves disabling, isolating and securing hazardous energy sources to protect workers during maintenance, repairs, or other tasks.

Understand the importance of LOTO procedures on construction sites and gain practical guidance for implementing them effectively.

What Is Lockout/Tagout?

LOTO is an established systematic procedure that, when followed, removes/isolates energy from equipment so that the equipment is unable to operate and cycle. LOTO procedures are specific to each unique piece of equipment and must be updated when that equipment is replaced and/or significantly modified.  Consider these while on your construction site: 

Definition

LOTO is the practice of:

• Disabling equipment or machinery.
• Isolating it from energy sources.
• Securing it with locks and tags.
• Providing clear information about the work being done.

Purpose

LOTO ensures that equipment remains de-energized, deactivated, or inoperable while workers perform their tasks. It prevents accidental energization and protects workers from hazardous energy releases.

Types of Energy Sources in Construction

Construction sites involve various forms of energy, both kinetic and potential. These energy sources pose risks if not properly controlled. Here are some examples:

Kinetic Energy Sources

• Electrical
• Thermal
• Radiant
• Sound
• Hydraulic

Potential Energy Sources

• Chemical
• Suspended
• Pressurized
• Magnetic
• Mechanical
• Hydraulic

How to Implement Effective LOTO Procedures

Given the complexity of construction projects, implementing successful LOTO procedures requires careful and specific planning. Here’s how to do it:

Risk Assessment

• Conduct a thorough risk assessment.
• Identify all energy sources on-site.
• Create concise isolation or shut-off procedures for each energy type.
• Train employees and subcontractors in these procedures.

Group Lockout

• Since multiple trades often work simultaneously on construction sites, consider group lockout procedures.
• Streamline LOTO processes by coordinating efforts.
• Improve efficiency and enhance safety.

Isolating Devices

• Use isolating devices to physically prevent energy conveyance or release.
• Examples include:
• Manually operated circuit breakers and disconnect switches.
• Line valves, blocks, and other devices.
• Switches that allow conductors to disconnect from all supply sources.

How to Train Your Employees on LOTO

Training employees on Lockout/Tagout (LOTO) procedures is crucial for ensuring workplace safety. Consider these steps when training your employees:

Education and Awareness

• Orientation: Include LOTO training during employee orientation.
• Regular Updates: Conduct periodic refresher sessions to reinforce knowledge.
• Awareness Campaigns: Use posters, emails, and safety meetings to raise awareness about LOTO.

Training Content

• Legal Requirements: Explain relevant regulations (such as OSHA standards) and the importance of compliance.
• Energy Sources: Teach employees about different energy sources (electrical, mechanical, etc.) and their risks.
• LOTO Procedures: Detail step-by-step procedures for locking out and tagging equipment.
• Authorized Personnel: Clarify who is authorized to perform LOTO.

Hands-On Practice

• Demonstrations: Show how to apply locks and tags correctly.
• Practice Scenarios: Simulate real-world situations where LOTO is necessary.
• Equipment Familiarization: Ensure employees understand specific equipment on your construction site.

Documentation

• Training Records: Maintain records of LOTO training sessions.
• Certification: Issue certificates to employees who complete the training successfully.

Supervision and Accountability

• Supervisors: Train supervisors to monitor LOTO compliance.
• Audits: Conduct regular audits to verify adherence to LOTO procedures.
• Consequences: Communicate consequences for non-compliance.

Communication Channels

• Clear Instructions: Provide written instructions for LOTO procedures.
• Multilingual Materials: If your workforce speaks different languages, ensure materials are available in those languages.
• Feedback Loop: Encourage employees to report any issues or concerns related to LOTO.

Remember, LOTO is not just a checklist, it’s a safety culture. By investing in thorough training, you can protect your workers and create a safer construction environment. Mitigate risk by following proper procedures put in place to protect your workforce. 

References

1. Lockout/Tagout in Construction: What You Need to Know
2. OSHA Guide to Lockout Tagout
3. OSHA Control of Hazardous Energy (Lockout/Tagout)